Piper notes that Vodafone's deal is likely non-exclusive, as suggested by other analysts. This is because Vodafone has not mentioned any exclusivity deals, something previous iPhone carriers have been careful to emphasize in their initial announcements. Non-exclusive deals may push unit sales even further for Apple, but are not expected to contribute substantially to CY08 figures, which are being modeled at 12.9 million. This may even have a negative impact on revenue sharing for CY09, though not strong enough to damage the company. Piper estimates a 33 percent gross margin for sharing in both calendars.