"However," Apple cautions, "pointing and typing have opposite tactile feedback needs." Pointing and gestures require the smoothest surface possible to function, but typing on a keyboard is usually accomplished with tactile feedback, which helps users to find keys and distinguish them. Adding ridges to a touch surface is said to solve this problem, but at the expense of creating a rough pointing surface. Apple has proposed four alternative answers to the issue: the first is a different kind of feedback, in the form of dots, bars or other shapes on most or all keys. Sections of a keyboard might alternately be given varying feedback, while another suggestion is an articulating frame, which would extend when typing but retract for other uses. The third solution involves a frame set to cause depressions when typing, while a fourth would involve a completely rigid frame, simply creating more resistance when moving away from key centers. The proposed patent is attributed to Wayne Carl Westerman of San Francisco, and makes reference to a similar keyboard concept called TouchStream, manufactured by a now-defunct company called FingerWorks. The multitouch keyboard is the latest in a stream of patents from Apple, which have included dynamic device input, design trademarks for the iPhone, and distinctive file sharing and updating systems.